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Industrial heat pumps

Industrial heat pumps are essential components in HVAC and process heating systems, providing efficient heating, cooling, or heat recovery. These systems rely on heat exchangers - such as shell-and-tube units or plate heat exchangers (gasketed, brazed, or shell-in-plate) - to transfer energy effectively. Over time, these heat exchangers accumulate fouling from scaling, biofilm, and other deposits found in process water. This buildup reduces heat transfer efficiency, increases energy consumption, and places unnecessary strain on the system. Regular and preventive cleaning of the heat exchangers is crucial to keep industrial heat pumps operating at peak performance.

Fouling issues in heat pump heat exchangers

Industrial heat pumps are used across a wide range of industries and can serve multiple purposes. The choice of refrigerant also influences which types of heat exchangers are incorporated into the system. Regardless of the configuration – whether shell-and-tube or various plate exchanger designs – fouling remains an operational challenge. Depending on the heat source, the type and severity of fouling can vary, requiring different cleaning approaches.

Based on the heat exchangers installed in the industrial heat pump, several cleaning methods can be applied. Chemical cleaning-in-place is suitable for both tube and plate heat exchangers, especially when dealing with heavy scale or rust deposits. For shell-and-tube heat exchangers with soft to medium-hard organic fouling, mechanical tube cleaning with rotating brushes is often the most effective solution. For large heat pumps, a projectile tube cleaning can be very interesting due to the speed of this cleaning method.

Commonly found deposit types in industrial heat pumps are:

  • Silt
  • Mud
  • Algae
  • Biological growth (biofilm)
  • Rust (corrosion)
  • Scaling (calcium carbonate)

Effects of fouling in heat pump heat exchangers

When heat exchangers in industrial heat pumps become fouled, the heat transfer efficiency of the system is significantly reduced. Below, you can find some of the effects of fouling in a heat exchanger.

  • Reduced heat transfer rate: Fouling acts as an insulating layer on the heat exchange surface, which impedes the transfer of heat from the hot fluid (typically refrigerant) to the cooling water – or the other way around in heat pumps. This reduces the overall heat transfer rate, as the fouling material (such as scale, dirt, or biological growth) increases the thermal resistance between the fluids.
  • Increased energy consumption: Because the heat transfer rate decreases, the heat pump system may need to work harder to achieve the same cooling or heating effect. This typically results in an increase in energy consumption, as the compressor has to operate longer or at higher power to maintain the desired temperature.
  • Shorter equipment lifespan: Continued fouling can cause wear and tear on equipment due to higher operational stresses, both from increased energy consumption and from the constant need to pump water against higher pressure drops. This can lead to more frequent maintenance, repairs, and ultimately a shorter lifespan for the heat exchangers and other components.
  • Corrosion and damage: Certain types of fouling, especially biological fouling or the buildup of scale, can cause local corrosion in the tubes or plates. Over time, this corrosion can weaken the heat exchange surfaces, potentially leading to leaks or ruptures that would require expensive repairs or replacement.

Improve industrial heat pump efficiency

Cleaning heat exchanger tubes or plates is a crucial activity to maintain a highly efficient heat pump system. Goodway Benelux offers four (4) types of cleaning solutions for removing fouling within heat exchangers of industrial heat pumps. Based on the application, type of deposit and accessability one of the four systems will be the best solution for the application.

  • Mechanical cleaning with rotating brushes: Perfect for removing commonly found soft to medium deposits within shell-and-tube heat exchangers such as: silt, mud, algae, biological growth, light rust and scaling.
  • Chemical cleaning-in-place: Ideal for removing rust and hard scaling deposits inside the tubes or plates. A descaling agent is circulated through the tubes or plates for a predetermined period, removing the deposits. This technique can be used for all kinds of plate heat exchangers, including: gasketed, brazed, welded, and shell-in-plate.
  • Projectile cleaning: Used for industrial heatpumps with a large amount of tubes, often  more than 1000 tubes. This method is fast and effective at removing softer deposits such as: silt, mud, algae and biological growth.

Scroll up to find more information on all four solutions.

Highlighted project: industrial heat pump descaling

Watch the video

GDS-100 + ScaleBreak-MP: descaling industrial heat pump

A large Dutch malthouse experienced reduced performance in one of their industrial heat pump systems due to limescale deposits in the heat exchanger tubes. After attempting several cleaning methods themselves, including circulating various cleaning agents, they contacted Goodway Benelux.

Following a brief site visit and consultation, Goodway Benelux supplied a GDS-100 descaling pump system along with multiple 1000-liter IBC containers of ScaleBreak-MP descaler. During the cleaning, the Goodway Benelux team assisted with equipment setup and provided on-site training to the operators. After the process, the limescale deposits were fully removed, restoring the heat pump to optimal performance.

More information

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Industrial heat pumps

From pre-sales inquiries to technical support, Goodway Benelux is available to assist customers at every stage. The company also provides on-site support, training, and product demonstrations. Their dedicated sales representatives and project engineers are ready to answer questions and provide guidance throughout the entire process.

Patrick is here to help.

Sales and operations manager

info@goodwaybenelux.com+31 (0)183 216 170